Wednesday, March 1, 2023

1) Negotiation still the best policy



2) Indonesia protests Fiji PM’s meeting with Papua independence figure
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1) Negotiation still the best policy 
Editorial board (The Jakarta Post)
 Jakarta   ●   Thu, March 2, 2023 




A graph shows the location where a Susi Air plane was set on fire by rebels on Feb. 7 on a landing strip in Paro, Nduga, a restive regency in the Papua Highlands. (Various sources/JP/Swi Handono)  


After more than three weeks, efforts to release Susi Air pilot Phillip Mark Mehrtens from members of the West Papua National Liberation Army (TPNPB), the armed wing of the Free Papua Movement (OPM), have so far borne no fruits. 

The faster the drama ends the better for everyone, but the fact that the negotiations with the group have hardly seen a breakthrough only shows how tough the process is. 

For the government, the hostage-taking is testing its endurance in dealing with the rebels, in which any miscalculation will put the life of the New Zealand national at stake. 

The Indonesian Military’s (TNI) option to put any use of force on hold is therefore the best policy, regardless of chief security minister Mahfud MD’s claim that security troops have located, or perhaps encircled, the group. 

In fact, Wellington has asked Jakarta to refrain from violence in the operation to free its citizen. On the other hand, the pilot’s captors have continued to offer a deal that the Indonesian government cannot afford to accept. Mahfud said the armed group had asked for weapons and ammunition in exchange for Mehrtens’ release, after previously demanding the withdrawal of TNI troops from Papua and Jakarta’s recognition of Papuan independence. 

Mahfud said the government was preparing a strategy to rescue the pilot from captivity, taking into account his safety. The foreigner is reportedly in good health, according to Mahfud. The armed rebels, led by Egianus Kogoya, have been holding Mehrtens after burning his aircraft upon landing at the airport in the remote district of Paro, Nduga regency in the newly formed province of Papua Highlands on Feb. 7. 

The group released the plane’s five passengers, including a baby. Back in 1996, the group held captive 26 Indonesian and foreign researchers in Mapenduma district, also in Nduga. Some of the hostages were held for 130 days, until the government commissioned the Army’s elite unit to launch a military operation. 

Two Indonesian researchers were killed in the rescue mission. Indonesia has several times resorted to a military operation to release hostages, most notably the deployment of Army’s commandos to rescue Garuda Indonesia passengers in Don Mueang Airport in Bangkok in March 1981. 

The Garuda plane had been hijacked by a Muslim extremist group called Komando Jihad on its way from Jakarta to Medan. All the hijackers and the pilot were killed, while all passengers left the aircraft safely. 

About 30 years later, then-president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono ordered a military operation to free 20 Indonesian nationals aboard a Sinar Kudus vessel that had been hijacked by Somalian pirates in the waters 350 miles off Oman in March 2011. A planned attack was eventually aborted after the pirates accepted a ransom and released the cargo ship. 

The choice of military approach this time around does not seem to bode well for Indonesia given the rampant human rights abuses allegedly involving the military and police in Papua. Not only will a military operation prolong the cycle of violence, but also spread fear and resentment among indigenous Papuans toward the government. 

The best the government can do is to entrust the negotiating team, spearheaded by acting Nduga regent Namia Gwijangge and comprising community and religious figures, in persuading the armed group to release Mehrtens alive. No other parties can understand the separatist rebels better than local people like Namia. 

The government can also seek assistance from credible organizations like the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) to mediate a dialog with the armed group if the issue of trust is all that keeps the negotiations from positive results. The ICRC helped facilitate the hostages’ release in Mapenduma until the rebels broke the agreement that led to the military operation. 

The success of the dialog to free Mehrtens will certainly restore hopes to bring peace back to Papua.




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2) Indonesia protests Fiji PM’s meeting with Papua independence figure

Stephen Wright 2023.03.01 Wellington

Indonesia has protested to Fiji’s government after the prime minister of the Pacific island country met with a Papuan leader in a morale boost for the regional independence movement.

Fijian Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka, who was elected in December, also said he would support Papuan membership in a U.N.-recognized organization of Melanesian nations. Fiji’s previous government and Papua New Guinea for a decade have blocked such a membership bid to maintain good relations with Indonesia, a source of foreign aid for both nations. 

The meeting between Rabuka and Benny Wenda, who from exile in London heads an umbrella group of Papuan organizations that seek independence from Indonesia, took place at a summit of Pacific island leaders in the Fijian town of Nadi last week. 

On Tuesday, Indonesian Foreign Ministry spokesman Teuku Faizasyah said Indonesia had sent a diplomatic note to Fiji. 

“Indonesia expressed deep disappointment over the Fiji PM’s meeting with someone who unilaterally claimed to represent the Papuan people in Indonesia,” he said. 

The archipelago nation of 270 million people is a rising Southeast Asian power that reaches into the South Pacific region and says it is on track to be the world’s fourth-largest economy by 2045. The United States and Australia are seeking closer security ties with Indonesia to counter China’s influence in the region.

Rabuka’s social media accounts posted a photo of a smiling Rabuka, wearing a traditional string bag emblazoned with the Morning Star flag – an emblem of the Papua independence movement that is banned in Indonesia – meeting with Wenda. 

Rabuka’s Twitter account said he would support the United Liberation Movement for West Papua, of which Wenda is chairman, “because they are Melanesians.” 

The Papua region is better known as West Papua among people in Pacific island countries. 

A peaceful independence movement and an armed insurgency have simmered in the region – which makes up the western half of New Guinea island – since the early 1960s when Indonesia took control of the territory from the Dutch.

Documented and alleged killings and abuses by Indonesian military and police, from the 1960s until the present day – along with impunity and the exploitation of the region’s natural resources and widespread poverty – have fueled local resentment of Indonesian rule.  

Deploying aid and technical assistance to small island states scattered across the Pacific ocean, Indonesia has in recent years sought to neutralize criticism from some of those nations of its rule in Papua.

Jakarta’s assistance is small relative to long-standing donors such as Australia but still significant for economically lagging island nations. In Fiji, Indonesia recently funded the U.S. $1.9 million reconstruction of two boarding school dormitories after a tropical cyclone destroyed them.

“Fiji is the biggest recipient of Indonesia’s aid [in the Pacific] along with Papua New Guinea,” Hipolitus Wangge, a researcher at Australian National University, told BenarNews. “It’s something that cannot be easily thrown away.” 

Rabuka, in his Twitter statement, said he was “more hopeful” that Wenda’s group could get full membership of the Melanesian Spearhead Group that comprises Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands and Front de Libération Nationale Kanak et Socialiste – the indigenous Kanak independence movement in French-ruled New Caledonia. Indonesia is an associate member.

The meeting between Rabuka and Wenda was significant, analysts say, because Fiji, under the 16-year rule of former Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, gave short shrift to the Papuan independence movement – one of the many obstacles to its goals of gaining international recognition and legitimacy. 

“It’s definitely morale boosting for West Papuans because Fiji and Papua New Guinea have been the roadblocks,” said Cammi Webb-Gannon, coordinator of the West Papua Project at the University of Wollongong in Australia. 

She said Melanesian Spearhead Group membership would give the independence movement “more clout because they’d be acknowledged by a regional political grouping as the legitimate representatives of West Papuans.” 

Wenda didn’t immediately respond to a BenarNews request for comment. 

According to the Fiji Sun newspaper, he said, “give us full membership so that we can sit down with Indonesia and the Melanesian leaders to find a solution” to the conflict between Indonesia and Papuans.

Vanuatu, a bastion of support for Papuan independence from Indonesia, is likely to push hard for progress on Papuan membership when Melanesian Spearhead Group leaders meet in July in Vanuatu’s capital Port Vila, said Tess Newton Cain, a Pacific analyst at the Griffith Asia Institute.

Indonesia, meanwhile, is likely to lobby Papua New Guinea and Fiji vigorously to keep Wenda and his organization out.  

“They will come under a lot of pressure between now and when the leaders meet, to vote against accepting that membership,” Newton Cain told BenarNews. 

Dandy Koswaraputra in Jakarta contributed to this report.


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